Since the French revolution, the left in general had advocated replacing the standing armies with popular militias, to ensure they could not again be used against the people. Even the Soviets had not been invented by any thinker, and the actual Soviet power differed quite substantially from Lenin’s vision in State and the Revolution. This is not really surprising, the more concrete elements in the programme of a revolution cannot be deduced from a few simple principles, but will constantly be modified by experience. Jens-Hugo Nyberg takes the opportunity to recount these events and consider the lessons for defending future workers’ revolutions.Īt the time of the October revolution, the Bolsheviks did not yet have a clear understanding of what type of army they would have to build. Ninety years ago in 1919 was a key turning point when the Red Army turned the tide on the reactionary Whites. But shortly afterwards the capitalists regrouped and gathered support from the imperialist powers to wage a bloody war on the young communist regime that became known as the Russian Civil War. In 1917 the working class took power in Russia with remarkably little resistance from the bosses.
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